- Process of thinking in new categories, being open to new information and recognising multiple perspectives. - Mindful means paying attention to the other interlocutor while also trying to work through their internal assumptions, cognitions, and emotions. - Linked to [[perspective taking]]. Essential to building trust. Mindfulness is the “process of thinking in new categories, being open to new information, and recognizing multiple perspectives. Being mindful means switching from automatic communication routines to paying attention simultaneously to the internal assumptions, cognitions, and emotions of both oneself and the other person. Thus, a related competency is the ability to see things through the eyes and minds of others, which is known as perspective taking.” (Osland, p29, in Mendenhall et al, 2018) Mindful communication requires global leaders to learn the expectations and communication patterns of other cultures and to adapt communication in ways that take others perspectives into account. “Once mindful communication is established, effective managers are able to create and then build trust.” (Bird & Osland, 2004).