Initiated Sociotechnical Systems (STS) practices, which were developed by Eric Trist, were applied in one dog food factory. The principles were - Assigning goals to teams rather than individuals - Ensuring that all jobs encompassed both managerial and technical activities - Giving teams responsibility for hiring and compensation decisions - Rotating team members through different roles - Integrating support functions into the teams - Minimizing status differentials - Providing open access to financial information ([Location 1255](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07B9HFSHX&location=1255)) However it was never taken on across general foods. Harvard Business School professor Richard Walton, an early adviser at Topeka, blamed the recidivism on antagonistic managers: > Topeka’s success … was threatening to other managers whose leadership style was built on opposing principles. Moreover, the plant management’s demands for autonomy in certain areas and its requests for exception from other corporate procedures was resented by staff groups. And many corporate executives simply did not understand the Topeka system. ([Location 1267](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07B9HFSHX&location=1267))