# Empowerment
## Definition
> (1) To invest with legal or formal power or authority; to authorise or license to do something; (2a) To confer power on, make powerful; or (2c) To give (a person) the means, ability, or strength to do something; to enable.
- This infers a dependency between subject and object. Demonstrates a power dynamic.
- The ways to seek agency are diverse and do not always involve empowerment.
- Empowerment doesn't mean devolving responsibility, just devolving control.
## Approaches
[[Source - Turn the Ship Around!|Marquet, 2012]]:
- I didn’t understand why empowerment was needed. It seemed to me that humans are born in a state of action and natural empowerment.
- Empowerment programs appeared to be a reaction to the fact that we had actively disempowered people
- I felt my power came from within, and attempts to empower me felt like manipulation
## Prerequisites
- Clarity
- “Don’t move information to authority, move authority to the information.”
- Purpose
- Training
## When it works and doesn't work
From [[articles - When Empowering Employees Works, and When It Doesn’t]] :
### When it works
- Helps to influence employee creativity
- Helps to create trust with subordinates
### When it doesn't work
- When it comes without clarity or direction it can be perceived to be laissez-faire. See [[Source - The Thin Line Between Empowering and Laissez-Faire Leadership]]
- Some studies showed employee uncertainty and resistance against discretion at work.
- leaders are effective when the leaders' behaviours are aligned with the followers' expectations. There needs to be effective dialogue in place.
- "leaders who encourage independent follower action can weaken individuals’ needs for relatedness toward their organisations and, subsequently, reduce followers’ organisational citizenship behaviours
- When it's not balanced with effective monitoring
- Too high expectations of staff will be disempowering.
- [[Empowerment means they didn't apply equity when building the construct]]
## Alternatives
From [[articles - The Limits of “Empowerment” Towards Justice and Accompaniment|The Limits of Empowerment article]]:
- Focus on Human rights
- Collective action (power *with*)
- Accompaniment
- from Liberation Theory - means focussing on long-term relationships and empathetic action.
- this “elastic concept” is a movement away from aid, instead based on mutuality, self-determination, and shared listening
- [[emancipation]]
- god this is an interesting idea